Causes of Blood in the Urine in Dogs 1. Bladder or Kidney Infection - Blood in your dog’s urine may be caused by a bladder infection or kidney infection, or infection of the prostate or urethra. 2. Tumors - Cancerous and non-cancerous tumors may cause blood in the urine of dogs. 3. Stones - Hematuria may be caused by kidney or bladder stones, as the presence of stones strains these organs. 4. Poisoning - Blood in your dog’s urine may be a sign that he has ingested a toxic substance such as a rodenticide.The core symptom will usually be accompanied by other symptoms such as lethargy, coughing, exercise intolerance, swollen abdomen, and difficulty breathing. 4. Urinary Tract Infection - A key symptom of urinary tract infection (UTI) is blood in the urine. This will usually be accompanied by some of the following symptoms: trouble emptying bladder, loss of bladder control, pain while urinating, a strong odor to the urine and constant licking of the urinary opening. 6. Injury - Physical trauma can be the cause of blood appearing in your dog’s urine. If your dog has experienced a recent injury, be sure to report it to the veterinarian. 7. Prostate - Blood in your male dog’s urine may be caused by a prostatic disease. There are seven prostatic diseases: benign prostatic hyperplasia, squamous metaplasia, cystic hyperplasia, paraprostatic cysts, bacterial infection, prostatic abscess, and prostatic cancer. If your dog has a prostatic disease, he will likely exhibit one or more of the additional symptoms of labored urination, decreased urine stream and difficulty passing bowel movements. 8. Estrus - Female dogs in heat do bleed. While the blood is not in the urine since it is coming from the same area, dog owners can sometimes confuse estrus blood with blood in the urine. Check for other signs that your dog is in heat, like that she has not been spayed, her vulva is swollen, and drops of blood are left behind when she sits down. Treatment : Treatment will be varied and designed to address the underlying cause of the blood in your dog’s urine once your dog has been stabilized. Stabilization may require intravenous fluids to treat dehydration and/or a blood transfusion if your dog’s red blood cell count is dangerously low. 1. Infections Antibiotics are the treatment of choice for bladder, kidney, urinary tract, and other infections. 2. Stones Bladder and kidney stones may be treated through diet low in protein, phosphorous and magnesium and designed to promote acidic urine as well as encourage increased water intake, or in more severe cases, removal of the stones through nonsurgical or surgical means. 3. Tumors The treatment of tumors will depend on the site and diagnosis. 4. Poisoning Treatment for poisoning will depend upon the substance ingested. If your dog has ingested rodenticide and is experiencing vitamin D poisoning, she will need to remain on an IV until her electrolyte, calcium, and phosphorous levels have stabilized. Your dog may be given a phosphate binder such as aluminum hydroxide in order to allow her to excrete the excess phosphorous in her system more quickly. 5. Injury If the blood in your dog’s urine is the result of trauma, the treatment will depend upon the extent and location of the internal damage that is found during diagnosis. 6. Prostate Treatment of prostatic disease will depend upon the diagnosis, as there are several possible diseases. For primary or secondary bacterial infections, your dog will be prescribed aggressive antibiotic therapy that may be much longer than a typical antibiotic regimen. Benign prostatic hyperplasia, cystic metaplasia, testicular tumors and cystic hyperplasia generally occur only in dogs that have not been neutered, and neutering is often the only treatment necessary. Paraprostatic cysts and prostatic abscesses must be surgically removed and drained.